Thermodynamics
Drawing the Ideal Refrigeration Cycle on a Pressure-Enthalpy Chart
Step-by-step guide to plotting an ideal refrigeration cycle on a p-h diagram, finding H1, H2 and H3, and why it matters for the F-Gas exam.
Read more →Blog
Study tips, exam guides, and everything you need to know about F-Gas certification.
Thermodynamics
Reading the Pressure-Enthalpy Chart: A Practical Guide for F-Gas Candidates
A step-by-step guide to constructing and reading the p-h chart, covering saturation curves, quality lines and superheat regions for City & Guilds 2079.
Read more →
thermodynamics
What Superheat Actually Signifies — Reading Your Evaporator Like an Engineer
Superheat is not just a number on a gauge set — it tells you how full the evaporator is with boiling refrigerant. Here is what that means in practice.
Read more →
Thermodynamics
Superheat and Subcooling Explained: A Simple Way to Understand Both
A practical breakdown of superheat and subcooling, where each occurs in the refrigeration cycle, and how to measure them for your F-Gas assessment.
Read more →
Thermodynamics
Superheat and Subcooling Explained: A Field Guide for F-Gas Candidates
Understand superheat and subcooling, where to measure them, and how each one verifies refrigerant charge on TEV and fixed-orifice systems.
Read more →
Thermodynamics
Superheat and Subcooling Explained: The Two Measurements Every F-Gas Engineer Must Master
A practical guide to superheat and subcooling for City & Guilds 2079 candidates, covering the theory, the formulas and why both protect the system.
Read more →
Thermodynamics
Superheat and Subcooling Explained: The Two Measurements Every F-Gas Engineer Must Master
Learn how to measure and interpret superheat and subcooling, what typical target values mean, and how both readings help you diagnose refrigeration faults.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
Understanding the Refrigeration Cycle: Superheat, Subcooling and Saturation Explained
Master superheat, subcooling and saturation across the refrigeration cycle to charge and troubleshoot systems with confidence for your F-Gas assessment.
Read more →
Refrigerant Properties
What Is Refrigerant? How It Works in the Refrigeration Cycle
Refrigerant is the working fluid that transfers heat in fridges, air conditioners and heat pumps. See how it changes between liquid and vapour.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
The Basic Refrigerant Circuit: How Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Really Work
A plain-English walk through the four core components of the vapour-compression cycle: compressor, condenser, metering device and evaporator.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
Refrigeration Basics: The Fundamentals Every F-Gas Technician Must Master
A back-to-basics walkthrough of pressure, temperature, heat and the gas laws behind the refrigeration cycle — and why they transform your diagnostic skills.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
The Refrigeration Cycle Explained Simply: Latent Heat, Sensible Heat and the Four Components
A walkthrough of the vapour-compression refrigeration cycle and the heat-transfer principles every F-Gas candidate needs for the City & Guilds 2079 exam.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
The Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle Explained: A Technically Correct Walkthrough
A technically accurate breakdown of the vapour-compression cycle — the four components, four processes, and COP/EER efficiency, for your F-Gas assessment.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
Refrigeration Cycle 101: The Four Components Every F-Gas Technician Must Know
How the vapour-compression cycle moves heat through the compressor, condenser, metering device and evaporator, for the City & Guilds 2079 F-Gas assessment.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
The Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle Explained for F-Gas Candidates
A component-by-component walk through the vapour-compression refrigeration cycle, and why F-Gas technicians must understand it for the City & Guilds 2079 exam.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
Understanding the Refrigeration Cycle: A Step-by-Step Guide for F-Gas Candidates
Master the four core stages of the vapour-compression refrigeration cycle and learn how superheat, subcooling and saturation underpin safe F-Gas practice.
Read more →
Refrigeration Fundamentals
The Refrigeration Cycle Explained: A Foundation for F-Gas Certification
A clear walkthrough of the basic vapour-compression refrigeration cycle, mapped to the knowledge you need for City & Guilds 2079 and day-to-day F-Gas work.
Read more →
F-Gas Regulation
Spotlight on the EU F-Gas Regulation Review: What It Led To
A historical look at the EU F-Gas Regulation review, the IEC 60335-2-40 Edition 7 debates, and how that policy discussion fed into the 2024/573 framework.
Read more →
F-Gas Regulation
The Original EU F-Gas Phasedown Explained: Quotas, GWP and the Road to 2030
A historical guide to the original EU F-Gas phasedown under Regulation 517/2014 — how HFC quotas worked and what the 79% cut by 2030 meant under that regime.
Read more →
F-Gas Regulation
EU F-Gas Regulation 517/2014 in Context: Why It Still Matters
The original EU Regulation 517/2014 phase-down and leak-test changes explained — and why it still appears in legacy F-Gas training since 2024/573 replaced it.
Read more →
f-gas regulations
Managing F-Gas Records: Systems, Cylinders and Log Entries
Effective F-Gas record-keeping is essential for compliance — how to manage systems, cylinders, and log entries to meet EU F-Gas Regulation requirements.
Read more →
f-gas equipment
F-Gas Process and Equipment Walk-Through: Essential Tools for Heat Pump Work
A practical guide to the key pieces of equipment used in F-Gas refrigerant handling, from recovery machines and vacuum pumps to leak detectors and brazing sets.
Read more →
f-gas training
F-Gas Training and Certification: What You Need to Know
A complete guide to F-Gas training and certification — who needs it, what the qualification involves, and how to prepare for the City & Guilds 2079 assessment.
Read more →
F-Gas Training
Introduction to F-Gas Training: What to Expect on a Practical Course
A step-by-step look at an F-Gas practical training course — from fitting gauges and recovering refrigerant to pressure testing and system charging.
Read more →
Study Guide
Top 10 F-Gas Exam Topics You Must Know
Discover the most commonly tested topics in the F-Gas certification exam and focus your study time on what matters most.
Read more →
Exam Tips
F-Gas Exam Categories Explained: Category I vs II vs III vs IV
Compare UK F-Gas Categories 1, 2, 3 and 4: permitted work, charge limits and who each certificate suits, based on current GOV.UK guidance.
Read more →
Regulations
Understanding EU F-Gas Regulation 2024/573: What It Means in 2026
A June 2026 overview of EU Regulation 2024/573 — when it took effect, leak-check and record rules, product bans, and how it differs from the GB retained regime.
Read more →
Exam Tips
How to Pass Your F-Gas Certification Exam: Complete Guide
Everything you need to know about passing the F-Gas certification exam, including study tips, exam format, and preparation strategies for HVAC technicians.
Read more →